Showing posts with label Sap modules. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Sap modules. Show all posts

Wednesday, 2 December 2015

ASAP Methodology Implementation Steps

The SAP ASAP Methodology (Accelerated SAP) provides the roadmap for optimizing and continuous implementation of SAP systems in the real time business processes. 

The ASAP roadmap brings in to multiple number of tools, information and accelerators to assist team members with the implementation of SAP R/3. The various phases of ASAP Methodology which consist below

Project Preparation

This phase to discuss the requirements of the project initial aspects.
  • Identification of team members
  • Developing a high level plan
  • Estimation of cost of the project
  • Duration of the project
Business Blue print Phase
  • To understand the business goals of the company.
  • To determine the business requirements needed to support the business goals.
  • Formulating the TO BE processes after thorough review of questionnaires sent to the key users/core users.
Realization Phase
  • Mainly to implement all the business and process requirements based on the business blue print.
  • The system is customized step by step in two work packages: Baseline and Final configuration.
  • The mapping done on how the system should get configured and tested

Final Preparation Phase
  • Main purpose is to complete testing, end user training, system management and cut over ativities.
  • Critical open issues should be resolved here.
  • Upon successful completion of this phase the business transactions are ready to run in the SAP system.
Go live and Support Phase
  • Transition from a project oriented, pre- productive environment to a successful and live productive operation.
  • Post implementation support.
  • System monitoring and fine-tuning.

The ASAP Methodology will cover the entire project life cycle right from the initial preparation and evaluation via delivery and till the end of post project management. The other side ASAP is concerned with the process and value of the application life cycle.

Wednesday, 25 November 2015

Material Ledger Closing in SAP Quick review

Movements for a material that is valuated with the material ledger are always carried out using the valuation price. If the price control indicator in the material master record is S, movements for the material are carried out with the standard price. If the price control indicator in the material master record is V, movements for the material are carried
out with the periodic unit price.

When postings such as invoice receipts occur, the prices can differ from the valuation price. These differences are collected and totaled by the material ledger and taken into account during material ledger closing.

The Before Material Ledger Closing:
The differences between the valuation price that occur when postings are made are collected the following categories:

GR/IR (goods receipt/invoice receipt):
Differences between actual values and the valuation price that may occur due to invoice receipts are collected here. Differences can occur between a goods receipt and an invoice receipt, because the invoice price is unknown at the time of goods receipt. The values from invoice receipts are posted to a GR/IR clearing account and the offsetting entry is made in the vendor account.

Value Variances:
Differences between actual values and the valuation price that can occur due the to the following are collected as,

1. The Goods receipts for the production order
2. Transfer postings
3. Goods issues
4. The Initial entries of inventory data with a specified amount
5. Deliveries free of charge
6. Inward movements from consignment inventory to the company’s own stock
7. Purchase order-related goods receipts

Values from goods receipts are posted to a GR/IR clearing account; the offsetting entry takes place in the material inventory account. If the the order price differs from the valuation price in the goods receipt, the system posts an offsetting entry to the material stock account and the price difference account (transaction key PRD). Such differences are totaled in the material ledger and indicated as to be closed.

With goods receipts that are not based on a purchase order item, price difference are posted directly to the price difference accounts.

Posting to a Prior Period:
Variances are collected here when a posting is made to the previous period using a valuation price other than the one in the current period.

At Material Ledger Closing:
At material ledger closing, the system takes the differences arising in the above categories into account, depending on the price control of the material. If you carry out material ledger closing for a single material (without saving), you can display which postings the material ledger would make and with what amounts if you were to save the material ledger closing at
this time.

Materials with S price control (standard price):
The system calculates for each material, the balance on the GR/IR clearing account and posts this amount to a price difference account (transaction key PRY). Differences that were collected in the Value variances category were posted to various price difference accounts before material ledger closing. These postings are not changed. 

Differences that were collected in the Posting to a prior period category were posted to the revaluation account before material ledger closing. These postings are not changed. The new periodic unit price is calculated for statistical information.

Materials with V price control (periodic unit price):
The system calculates the balance on the GR/IR clearing account and posts this amount to the material stock account in proportion to the current inventory quantity. The portion of the balances with which the material inventory cannot be debited are posted to a price difference account (transaction key PRY).

Differences that were collected in the Value variances category were posted to various price difference accounts before material ledger closing. These postings are offset in total against a separate price difference account at material ledger closing (transaction key PRY).

The system calculates the balance and posts this amount to the material stock account in proportion to the current inventory quantity. The portion of the balances with which the material inventory cannot be debited are posted to a price difference account (transaction key PRY).

Differences that were collected in the Posting to a prior period category were posted to the revaluation account before material ledger closing. The system calculates the balance on this account and posts this amount to the material stock account in proportion to the current inventory quantity.

The portion of the balances with which the material inventory cannot be debited are posted to a price difference account (transaction key PRY). The postings to the material stock account result in a new periodic unit price for the material, found by dividing the inventory value by the inventory quantity.

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Friday, 20 November 2015

SAP Vendor Evaluation System

What is SAP Vendor Evaluation System and how Integrated?

The vendor Evaluation component has been completely integrated into SAP MM Purchasing. The information such as delivery dates, prices, and quantities can be taken from purchase orders. The SAP Vendor Evaluation uses the various data from Quality Management, and this will be shows the result of incoming inspections or other way the quality audits of the system. It also accesses basic data in Materials
Management, which as goods receipt data from Inventory Management, and data from the Logistics Information System (LIS).

What is Vendor Evaluation?

The Vendor Evaluation in sap System which supports you in the optimization of your procurement processes in the case of both materials and services.

Procurement of Materials

The system helps you select sources of supply and facilitates the continual monitoring of existing supply relationships. It provides you with accurate information on prices, and terms of payment and delivery. By evaluating vendors, you can improve your enterprise’s competitiveness. You can quickly determine
and resolve any procurement problems that may arise on the basis of detailed information and in collaboration with the relevant vendors

Procurement of Services

You can check the reliability of the vendors from which you procure services on a plant by plant basis. You can determine whether the vendors perform the services within the specified timeframes and appraise the quality of the work carried out.

Scores and Criteria

The SAP Standard System offers you a scoring range from 1 to 100 points, which is used to measure the performance of your vendors on the basis of five main criteria. You can determine and compare the performance of your vendors by reference to their overall scores. The main criteria available in the standard system are:

1), Price
2), Quality
3),Delivery
4), General service/support

These four main criteria serve as a basis for the evaluation of vendors from whom you procure materials.

1), External service

This main criterion serves as a basis for the evaluation of vendors you employ as external service providers.

You can also define other or further main criteria, as required. You can assign different weights to the individual criteria. The vendor’s overall score is computed taking into account the weighted scores awarded for each of the main criteria. The Vendor Evaluation System ensures that evaluation of vendors
is objective, since all vendors are assessed according to uniform criteria and the scores are computed automatically.

In this way, subjective impressions and judgments can be largely avoided. To create a detailed evaluation, each main criterion can be divided into several subcriteria. The standard system provides you with certain subcriteria which suffice as a basis for evaluation, but you can also define your own additional subcriteria.

The scores for the subcriteria are calculated in three different ways.

Automatic, The scores are calculated by the system on the basis of existing data.

Semi-automatic, You enter individual scores for important materials, or for the quality and timeliness of a service performed, yourself. The system then calculates the higherlevel score from these.

Manual,You enter a blanket score for a subcriterion per vendor and you can decide yourself which of these methods you want to use.

Analyses

The results of sap vendor evaluation are displayed in the form of analyses. For example, you can generate ranking lists of the best vendors according to overall score or ranking lists for
specific materials. Changes to evaluations are recorded in logs, and you have the option of printing out evaluation sheets.

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Thursday, 5 November 2015

What is Contract in SAP?

A contract is a longer-term agreement with a vendor (one of the two forms of “outline agreement” in the SAP system) to supply a material or provide a service for a certain period of
time. A number of different terms may be used for this concept in purchasing literature, including “blanket order”, “blanket contract”, “systems contract” and “period contract”.
The contract in sap does not contain specific delivery dates or the individual delivery quantities. These are specified subsequently in release orders issued against the contract.

Contract types

When creating a contract, you can choose between the following contract types:

Value : The contract is regarded as fulfilled when release orders totaling a given value have been issued. Use this contract type in sap when the total value of all release orders should not exceed a certain amount.

Quantity: The contract is regarded as fulfilled when release orders totaling a given quantity
have been issued. Use this contract type when the total quantity to order over the duration of the contract is known.

Ways of creating contracts,

You can create a contract in one of the following ways:

1) Manually, You enter all the contract data manually.
2) By using the referencing technique, You can create a contract by referencing purchase requisitions RFQs/quotations other contracts

You can also mix the two methods: you can create a contract by referencing an existing one, and then change or enter some items manually.

The SD Master Contract Structure and How its Configured?

A Master contract consists of other contracts that are grouped as lower level contracts. Thus, that the master contract has the general data that is relevant for all the levels of contracts over the specific period of time. The main contracts are grouped in order to ensure that all the data in the lower level contracts remain consistent and that terms granted in the master
contract are copied into all lower level contracts.

Contracts are agreements between the two parties like Customer and Vendor to supply materials/services for a specific price between a fixed period of time. Most possible
types of contracts exists based on the types of contracts. For example, there are different contracts like maintenance contracts, service contracts, quantity contracts, value contracts
all of which we will be discussing over the course of this article.

The bottom line however remains the same – A contract is an agreement between the Customer and vendor to supply goods/materials/services of specific quantity/value for a specific price over a specified period. Let’s discuss the different types of contracts

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